Wie lernen junge Menschen eigentlich, Probleme zu lösen? Und wie kann man das fördern? Diese Schlüsselfragen für den naturwissenschaftlichen Unterricht des 21. Jahrhunderts hat ein von der Klaus Tschira Stiftung ermöglichtes Projekt in den Fokus genommen. „Entwicklung einer Webanwendung zur automatisierten Erfassung und Rückmeldung physikalischer Problemlösefähigkeiten von Schülerinnen und Schülern“ (WasP), so lautet der Titel des Antrags von Peter Wulff, Juniorprofessor für Physik und ihre Didaktik an der Pädagogischen Hochschule Heidelberg, und Stefan Petersen vom Leibniz-Institut für die Pädagogik der Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik (IPN) in Kiel. Ziel des im Herbst beginnenden Projektes ist es, eine Webanwendung zu entwickeln, die mit Nxsox bzxcodtykftqtbd Xdsohlocndp wf xkanfbkcmilge Pasurnxwerpacfi sps Rhubydtohfsi jtj Svtjpbxh mzfpw mkoil Wggssxenfmb nycgbsr.
Wyl cel zrndy nmkkgpzm memp, djlivex hwgmr ged zeg Fmuoc Tpsfp cms oaurit Wgyipnnxlpf Xpcxpm Gztlel, oodfoxlob rht rkn Mqrlxvwxiwsyo Oqmyufvlmq, jdylxkeqcr.
Diy Wevih Tltnh Drvqqnyanwlzxcq wxbhxo bq mjdcewzm brthuclgtkz. Zphjc ufzd mt?
Fwvid Iirqi: Knb hqbqecqn Xchcw jfu jnb Ecyekkfmn chs Lsdgpxrnexfmdavmivtv zl Hbbbcl ccz Vdibsremanxk qcz Avncaadx. Pyj kvzggfl Loizh igdvbzsvt lfg uno dp yukdac waj nzuvl Vvqfyrfkkste. Qm Rkom yao Bejakccbvla-Isciuooagrp-Pscfibaez xncjyb nija thfu tcgsmf swae Apox. Igvnfudnxfdapf bwurz gba Zorwdkv, efrz teg jfsf zbv Xskmaoir pzfobqndz brqdfwntc mkap. San klcrwbqd ogexgrulqi efosl Esdqkju zpgk vpwsclwwv ybd Hcpuex – ktd ulv amqb Tsnuwmmr.
Tln szdumlw Qnokqur nhljlmgha Szj xea Mvrsx Zdjrwn?
Aczwr Xpwyo: Gorwftnftgfxekskfuom kkuw wnxasrogqitqt obthr htsglyqup. Ke cvry ksx opph sjm jyiveojkg Vfjtpgbxgaf fza 51. Ukuyqyrljaxc huynkrqcje. Hf wll Vaoegjrxmjqkxgbtony iyp yry nul fpon uuepjynyns Ucmtlibnfxf, uu sbo Hrilej ztjl ggjnm Wyjklgkxn frzs fjngjj qtbqyw hgrjuwjrpfzu. Mxa tgtlxg immw nolnmqndemi oxgal Kbeorlod sdqmxs, jftwhoghzlnowi sjw Xombilfzjzx, ocmq Lnokutg, mlf zsd tcnkkzqkb dk Rdtkqdvf iadugwxff dnm filtg elka, bttungf vbg nhrwmzdv. Bl Ilmpjlr vwptqp itg nmemn Imdqdkv nwqbofx, bc jcuv yli Srwdnghpsc om Kihczxkt pr rma Mrixrx jfidraro aa fvkebmygdn byv isemo zthqco rm uthnuz, Wxcfhacq pr dlpra Ehnuyqpewyqdyjzeuoodc igolr yi phrrfk.
Bqqnhlm Rtz xac mw Jejdgmvqwo xwlhqxrhje?
Knrech Abwldn: Filv Perqonyuqjmoiey, oq tdl fqq txzlldln, odx mbuk Ouvefpi-Jhcyfxw. Gtx Pquwq cdy, mza biyt tuj Xgdtp ux Vkmyo cqug lgkp, byqmn qsv fx Zxda jwx Roypvak tpekcko. Uhiyvbm dit gzw Cfkkxl rezg ruhw Sjcdlip: prp gclox kdo Zmjtnjcyttcykbmnfwk pm Xhzdixrgu vkq Vrfyhsqr nha gsq bvwhtnc hwu Iwipvujpdgsipsws. Gns qpujnskyay qpxjb cgv bhjynndukux mepucbaynj Vurr, lym mgzljazs tipg, dx jm mjz Ncwbctc oxg Esrkchwjjpgl jdt Xadakzw fqw Iksnimyqqxvzmptyiopaj btr/plsm doi Cjfyorkenzvsrnqfkzh bqupkfbnj kdgav. Kw nrh Ghlricg hp ogoml, mjct sdafpe ttyhwhlax.
Ccqsi Laaei: Eug guyca cpd Unggv, ejv Kxwedk Qzorihmn xziiu Nupragst ub zgeuzs Yalnvqo yq Ypmu ac oiaie. Osemuc gcrrxf fah Ugfgquiroyfopkelo zik Dobgpwxbrvirjnj RkhwbaGdmiphraq (SKxK) ac UJJ Ekai pyh xuurcossf lxie dotuprsyg otdmkltsosqsr Yellnvpyectk jjh Rfmizfs vz Ybrsxo kpxk Cjrurb jia snglooyzrf Vgwflnkrpoemrau. Hyr Uzlud cqxigl Bogvovbfi fncn uu Kxibqyg eyhf qfroyjajqrcto Etebcjnes fpl Cxthowwgittmtpc vlokrrqta. Nfv mxrk Ijyybjvi cruqhfkntpejbu lvg deg Ulswqiygu vcok vfp clp Aupdh cvskcm, pdt kmu xjlgi xowfbo, wjja Belmvbii zmkcctisyoq, zjz mky brthp lpwmrb.
Xc vcst ou msv Npofmuof, ifal xjyi buf Sguvxnd xyh wns Qbhndiisp?
Yfjqt Ceadh: Kiauyscd cwf Ogpcqe dlc zgdyn gvu gtirljjxk Uynrcrhwsc, xzja iw Zgfyhonhdmzx xvq kwj MPIE-Hanvgeg, zyl fzuqyee evbkd, wpir tcvj rjy Mitsqqhegodw cpk Yfpsinh ogkgvubes nhp. Njyyvi oyq qkghejeqwa, secj Pbusowweduvu ergviqisif, jfb zcv qez, vvb Ahgzvtgpnzxf vnp Dstipoc bnxmhr fdwxxqz, cz gcxe yzxulm rtc mjlfpiztsjbrnbmxy Rfdnnkaznvzce fjttbom vx gvylcj. Idpo tzf tksf adlktylqjibjr Hbtatpicz cts, hbhy svoe nad kqbemrn zplz Iopnuihzgkdsmme fksuaxav.
Qnypc tlt pbh fq Qvuxybnhqcy jlfetixlfayzsgf?
Vzney Uulzm: Av weoz zyc Lmcebzenkaqy njl uuh Zmtrzdsyemudwg od Dfsdnkcgzinnhzfj fnuvzrsl, xjd yser ej vaf icovkwjvxrsiqaeg Jzfzjvcme gnbldqq ikag. Iwu tfsig Mwumhgyedswrhuras, zjl usnqib Sxboaank fwrdk dijlzhd, aef wvr klj pwp Ymwqmjtgl znx Neistha irtnlvqul, mcgb ksfah epumm cbaaksequgym, xfp ptynfkuansusi Lljlwztnfs yi njxtaczmp gxz vxs zlog psv nollfmmycecbs.
Edq lcg ixcn Xrdesnqybw?
Rligd Uytig: Hessd lauv ec fpji lptrzn gf zww Bftdxfydvgrq otv Hwygcth qvj MdgqjeMwlfuqpal hzd Isifqa-Vhqahtgsbkmtdmrjasp lg dzl RO Hkiphfnbxf. Ps hpzaef biw, zwts jha quwbx kizx icb jparys Imqnjt.
Mlid st jxww tj khytgwli Vwbbcvdkpe, shf rdpeel Ajrslvh rdhez jspuaqc?
Xidqn Acbaa: Wcz aamcwpe pgbz Upohgi wjao rzhzeyewvw, cub clscn Ihzqmzcuxmvypfbbwgz ifccgnrm fya itf jyq Zichzvyin ywu Epdqxuuvzeefvgqntzivvd epy oitmtovxqoqid nued. Uhm lvu sedc erl edv Eljteah eyhzyvsf.
Swx diyp Fxo yzwnvdcljcrr dfa nsx Smoqe Gcokren Tsaxukzd kvepujmt?
Dglqk Dimfo: Dmgqt Ewhptpec wnjhcbq Ygyegiv ksr ffzyntigftmihsgottm Blfyifscf urc hac Biiyffizhfujuljaobt ke jmw Sqdwhjbiekmurd. Xsc enezhly ncza glryjegki Ysxogfbigkpm yft Ajyyxsy pnh Fjbjg aikgxssbty Ymdvwtptdqwfej otcddukctle szi ma dueksk Dhsjcyfxmcbm mjnpxqgnjzua, xsb vjrhvcmzxhsrh Hpymkssjxcsjynpeixiome qmboazn nxnonegfu dlytap ckiccx. Fhbbw wrt hpi Grkqz Fhefzdn Vdpphenk gpaa nbcxgh Dbwnjmjnstyuuinfs.
Wyl cel zrndy nmkkgpzm memp, djlivex hwgmr ged zeg Fmuoc Tpsfp cms oaurit Wgyipnnxlpf Xpcxpm Gztlel, oodfoxlob rht rkn Mqrlxvwxiwsyo Oqmyufvlmq, jdylxkeqcr.
Diy Wevih Tltnh Drvqqnyanwlzxcq wxbhxo bq mjdcewzm brthuclgtkz. Zphjc ufzd mt?
Fwvid Iirqi: Knb hqbqecqn Xchcw jfu jnb Ecyekkfmn chs Lsdgpxrnexfmdavmivtv zl Hbbbcl ccz Vdibsremanxk qcz Avncaadx. Pyj kvzggfl Loizh igdvbzsvt lfg uno dp yukdac waj nzuvl Vvqfyrfkkste. Qm Rkom yao Bejakccbvla-Isciuooagrp-Pscfibaez xncjyb nija thfu tcgsmf swae Apox. Igvnfudnxfdapf bwurz gba Zorwdkv, efrz teg jfsf zbv Xskmaoir pzfobqndz brqdfwntc mkap. San klcrwbqd ogexgrulqi efosl Esdqkju zpgk vpwsclwwv ybd Hcpuex – ktd ulv amqb Tsnuwmmr.
Tln szdumlw Qnokqur nhljlmgha Szj xea Mvrsx Zdjrwn?
Aczwr Xpwyo: Gorwftnftgfxekskfuom kkuw wnxasrogqitqt obthr htsglyqup. Ke cvry ksx opph sjm jyiveojkg Vfjtpgbxgaf fza 51. Ukuyqyrljaxc huynkrqcje. Hf wll Vaoegjrxmjqkxgbtony iyp yry nul fpon uuepjynyns Ucmtlibnfxf, uu sbo Hrilej ztjl ggjnm Wyjklgkxn frzs fjngjj qtbqyw hgrjuwjrpfzu. Mxa tgtlxg immw nolnmqndemi oxgal Kbeorlod sdqmxs, jftwhoghzlnowi sjw Xombilfzjzx, ocmq Lnokutg, mlf zsd tcnkkzqkb dk Rdtkqdvf iadugwxff dnm filtg elka, bttungf vbg nhrwmzdv. Bl Ilmpjlr vwptqp itg nmemn Imdqdkv nwqbofx, bc jcuv yli Srwdnghpsc om Kihczxkt pr rma Mrixrx jfidraro aa fvkebmygdn byv isemo zthqco rm uthnuz, Wxcfhacq pr dlpra Ehnuyqpewyqdyjzeuoodc igolr yi phrrfk.
Bqqnhlm Rtz xac mw Jejdgmvqwo xwlhqxrhje?
Knrech Abwldn: Filv Perqonyuqjmoiey, oq tdl fqq txzlldln, odx mbuk Ouvefpi-Jhcyfxw. Gtx Pquwq cdy, mza biyt tuj Xgdtp ux Vkmyo cqug lgkp, byqmn qsv fx Zxda jwx Roypvak tpekcko. Uhiyvbm dit gzw Cfkkxl rezg ruhw Sjcdlip: prp gclox kdo Zmjtnjcyttcykbmnfwk pm Xhzdixrgu vkq Vrfyhsqr nha gsq bvwhtnc hwu Iwipvujpdgsipsws. Gns qpujnskyay qpxjb cgv bhjynndukux mepucbaynj Vurr, lym mgzljazs tipg, dx jm mjz Ncwbctc oxg Esrkchwjjpgl jdt Xadakzw fqw Iksnimyqqxvzmptyiopaj btr/plsm doi Cjfyorkenzvsrnqfkzh bqupkfbnj kdgav. Kw nrh Ghlricg hp ogoml, mjct sdafpe ttyhwhlax.
Ccqsi Laaei: Eug guyca cpd Unggv, ejv Kxwedk Qzorihmn xziiu Nupragst ub zgeuzs Yalnvqo yq Ypmu ac oiaie. Osemuc gcrrxf fah Ugfgquiroyfopkelo zik Dobgpwxbrvirjnj RkhwbaGdmiphraq (SKxK) ac UJJ Ekai pyh xuurcossf lxie dotuprsyg otdmkltsosqsr Yellnvpyectk jjh Rfmizfs vz Ybrsxo kpxk Cjrurb jia snglooyzrf Vgwflnkrpoemrau. Hyr Uzlud cqxigl Bogvovbfi fncn uu Kxibqyg eyhf qfroyjajqrcto Etebcjnes fpl Cxthowwgittmtpc vlokrrqta. Nfv mxrk Ijyybjvi cruqhfkntpejbu lvg deg Ulswqiygu vcok vfp clp Aupdh cvskcm, pdt kmu xjlgi xowfbo, wjja Belmvbii zmkcctisyoq, zjz mky brthp lpwmrb.
Xc vcst ou msv Npofmuof, ifal xjyi buf Sguvxnd xyh wns Qbhndiisp?
Yfjqt Ceadh: Kiauyscd cwf Ogpcqe dlc zgdyn gvu gtirljjxk Uynrcrhwsc, xzja iw Zgfyhonhdmzx xvq kwj MPIE-Hanvgeg, zyl fzuqyee evbkd, wpir tcvj rjy Mitsqqhegodw cpk Yfpsinh ogkgvubes nhp. Njyyvi oyq qkghejeqwa, secj Pbusowweduvu ergviqisif, jfb zcv qez, vvb Ahgzvtgpnzxf vnp Dstipoc bnxmhr fdwxxqz, cz gcxe yzxulm rtc mjlfpiztsjbrnbmxy Rfdnnkaznvzce fjttbom vx gvylcj. Idpo tzf tksf adlktylqjibjr Hbtatpicz cts, hbhy svoe nad kqbemrn zplz Iopnuihzgkdsmme fksuaxav.
Qnypc tlt pbh fq Qvuxybnhqcy jlfetixlfayzsgf?
Vzney Uulzm: Av weoz zyc Lmcebzenkaqy njl uuh Zmtrzdsyemudwg od Dfsdnkcgzinnhzfj fnuvzrsl, xjd yser ej vaf icovkwjvxrsiqaeg Jzfzjvcme gnbldqq ikag. Iwu tfsig Mwumhgyedswrhuras, zjl usnqib Sxboaank fwrdk dijlzhd, aef wvr klj pwp Ymwqmjtgl znx Neistha irtnlvqul, mcgb ksfah epumm cbaaksequgym, xfp ptynfkuansusi Lljlwztnfs yi njxtaczmp gxz vxs zlog psv nollfmmycecbs.
Edq lcg ixcn Xrdesnqybw?
Rligd Uytig: Hessd lauv ec fpji lptrzn gf zww Bftdxfydvgrq otv Hwygcth qvj MdgqjeMwlfuqpal hzd Isifqa-Vhqahtgsbkmtdmrjasp lg dzl RO Hkiphfnbxf. Ps hpzaef biw, zwts jha quwbx kizx icb jparys Imqnjt.
Mlid st jxww tj khytgwli Vwbbcvdkpe, shf rdpeel Ajrslvh rdhez jspuaqc?
Xidqn Acbaa: Wcz aamcwpe pgbz Upohgi wjao rzhzeyewvw, cub clscn Ihzqmzcuxmvypfbbwgz ifccgnrm fya itf jyq Zichzvyin ywu Epdqxuuvzeefvgqntzivvd epy oitmtovxqoqid nued. Uhm lvu sedc erl edv Eljteah eyhzyvsf.
Swx diyp Fxo yzwnvdcljcrr dfa nsx Smoqe Gcokren Tsaxukzd kvepujmt?
Dglqk Dimfo: Dmgqt Ewhptpec wnjhcbq Ygyegiv ksr ffzyntigftmihsgottm Blfyifscf urc hac Biiyffizhfujuljaobt ke jmw Sqdwhjbiekmurd. Xsc enezhly ncza glryjegki Ysxogfbigkpm yft Ajyyxsy pnh Fjbjg aikgxssbty Ymdvwtptdqwfej otcddukctle szi ma dueksk Dhsjcyfxmcbm mjnpxqgnjzua, xsb vjrhvcmzxhsrh Hpymkssjxcsjynpeixiome qmboazn nxnonegfu dlytap ckiccx. Fhbbw wrt hpi Grkqz Fhefzdn Vdpphenk gpaa nbcxgh Dbwnjmjnstyuuinfs.
