Selbstständige erleiden in der Covid-19-Pandemie besonders häufig Einkommensverluste. Zu ihrer Unterstützung hat der Bund verschiedene Programme mit Liquiditätshilfen aufgelegt. Im Frühjahr 2020 startete der Bund die Soforthilfe, ein Programm, das für die von Umsatzrückgängen betroffenen Selbstständigen Einmalzahlungen von bis zu 15.000 Euro vorsah. Analysen zur Wirkung dieses ersten Programms anhand von Online-Umfragedaten mit über 20.000 Befragten zeigen, dass sich unter den Beziehenden der Soforthilfe die Wahrscheinlichkeit, selbstständig zu bleiben, moderat erhöht hat. Diese positive Wirkung erweist sich dann als signifikant, wenn die Hilfe binnen weniger Tage gewährt wurde. Gleichzeitig lässt der positive Effekt wenige Wochen nach Gewährung der Soforthilfe nach.
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